Clinical symptoms of cancer depend on stage of disease, the nature of tumor growth (in the lumen of the intestine, in-wall or a mixed growth) and the level of its location.
The clinical picture of colon cancer in women have four groups of symptoms, the most characteristic for this disease.
Constant symptom of colon cancer is bleeding
The most frequent and constant symptom of colon cancer is bleeding. It occurs in both early and later stages, and is seen in more than half of patients. The intensity of intestinal bleeding is small, and often they occur in the form of blood in the stool or dark clots, they are not constant. In contrast to hemorrhoids bleeding, cancer blood is preceded by a excrement, or mixed with feces. In case of hemorrhoids red blood is generally allocated at the end of defecation, covering the top of stool. As a rule, there is no massive bleeding and anemia in patients is usually detected in advanced stages of disease. In colon cancer from the anus along with blood secretes mucus and pus. This symptom usually appears in later stages of the disease and is caused by the presence of concomitant problems (inflammation of the rectum), proctosigmoiditis (inflammation of the rectum and sigmoid), the collapse of the tumor with inflammation.
Disorders of the intestines
The second most common symptom of colon cancer in women are different types of disorders of the intestines: changing the rhythm of defecation, stool form, diarrhea, constipation and fecal incontinence, and gases. The most painful frequent false urge to defecation (tenesmus), accompanied by a small amount of blood, mucus and pus. After defecation the patient does not feel the satisfaction, they still sensate like some foreign object in the rectum. False urge can be observed from 3 to 15 times a day. With the growth of tumors, especially for stenosing (narrowing the lumen of bowel) cancer of the upper rectum, constipation becomes more persistent, in patients may be determined bloating. Bloating and rumbling are passing after flatus and feces. Initially, these symptoms are intermittent, then they become permanent. As a result of further tumor growth and adherence of inflammatory changes, it may occur partial or complete intestinal obstruction. At the same time patients have cramping abdominal pain, accompanied by a delay in gas and stool, occasionally there is vomiting.
Symptoms of late stages of colon cancer
Painful feelings in women with colon cancer occur after the local tumor spread, particularly in the transition to the surrounding organs and tissues. Only with anorectal cancer localization, because of involvement of sphincter rectum zone in the tumor process, pain is the first symptom of the disease in its early stages. At the same time patients tend to sit on only one half of the buttocks.
Violation of general condition of patients (general weakness, fatigue, anemia, weight loss, pallor covers) happens due to the daily loss of blood and tumor intoxication in the later stages of the disease.
How common is colon cancer?
Among the various forms of cancer of the gastrointestinal tract, colon cancer ranks third place after cancer of the stomach and esophagus. By total number of cancer patients with colon cancer varies from 1.9 to 17%. Men and women are equally likely to get sick. The peak incidence occurs in 40-60 years.
The frequency of colon cancer varies in its different departments. It decreases from the cecum to the ascending colon, transverse and descending colon, followed by an increase in the frequency of the sigmoid colon lesions.
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